BulgariaBusiness and self-employment
Bulgaria freelance and self-employed visa
Residence for freelance activity with an Employment Agency permit (Art. 24a Foreigners Act, Art. 44 Labour Migration Act)
In short
Foreigners who want to work in Bulgaria as freelancers first obtain a permit for freelance activity from the Employment Agency, then a type D visa and a residence permit. The agency requires a detailed activity plan, at least two years of professional experience, sufficient funds and a certificate of Bulgarian at level B1. The permit costs BGN 400 (EUR 204.52) and is issued for up to one year at a time.
checked 24 October 2026
Key facts
- Maximum stay
- Freelance permit up to one year; the residence permit follows it.
- Validity
- Renewable; the EU Immigration Portal describes renewals up to three years in total.
- Fee
- €204.52Employment Agency fee of BGN 400 for issuing or extending the freelance permit, shown by the agency as EUR 204.52 (checked 2026-10-24); EUR 100 D visa fee in addition.
- Processing time
- Employment Agency decision within one month of the application.
- Work
- Yes, the freelance activity described in the plan; not employment under a labour contract.
- Family
- Family members can apply for residence under Art. 24(1)(13) once the sponsor has residence for at least one year.
- Path to permanent residence
- Long-term or permanent residence after 5 years of legal residence.
- Where to apply
- Freelance permit from the Employment Agency, then D visa at a Bulgarian mission.
Conditions of the freelance permit
The Employment Agency grants the permit for activities that do not require Bulgarian citizenship, taking into account the state and public interest of the Bulgarian labour market, and when the applicant has the specialised knowledge, skills and experience for the activity. The application, on Annex 4 of the implementing regulation, must be accompanied by a description of the type and purpose of the activity, a detailed plan for the permit period, proof of at least two years of professional experience, proof of funds for carrying out the plan, a certificate of Bulgarian at minimum level B1 of the Common European Framework, proof that the conditions for regulated professions are met where relevant, a passport copy and two colour photos of 3.5 x 4.5 cm.
Procedure and timing
The application is filed with the central administration of the Employment Agency, which coordinates with the Foreign Ministry’s Consular Relations Directorate, the Migration Directorate, the National Revenue Agency and the General Labour Inspectorate. Missing documents are requested with a 15-day deadline. The decision is due within one month; the fee must be paid within one month of notification and the permit is collected in person.
With the permit you apply for a type D visa at the Bulgarian mission and, after entry, for the residence permit at the Migration Directorate. Register your address within five days.
- Prepare a detailed plan for the activity and obtain a B1 Bulgarian certificate.
- File the Annex 4 application with the Employment Agency.
- After a positive decision, pay BGN 400 within a month and collect the permit in person.
- Apply for the D visa at the Bulgarian mission with the freelance permit.
- Enter Bulgaria, register your address and apply for the residence permit.
- Register with BULSTAT and the tax authorities and keep records for the extension report.
Forms
- Employment Agency: application for a permit for freelance activity (Annex 4) · Bulgarian-language form filed with the Employment Agency.
Extension
An extension is requested at least 30 days before the permit expires. You submit a plan for the new period, at least two service contracts, a report on carrying out the previous plan, a declaration of no tax or social security debts, the BULSTAT registration certificate, a patent tax declaration where relevant and a copy of your residence document. The fee is again BGN 400. The residence permit must be renewed with the Migration Directorate no later than 14 days before it expires and becomes invalid when the freelance permit lapses.
Grounds for refusal
The agency refuses when documents are missing, the plan or report has no basis or no proven economic or social effect, the documents show that you intend to work under an employment relationship, less than 12 months have passed since an earlier freelance permit was withdrawn, you have not met your tax and social security obligations, or you are banned from receiving a visa or entering Bulgaria.
Appeals
A refusal by the Executive Director of the Employment Agency can be appealed within 14 days of receipt to the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy under the Administrative Procedure Code. Residence decisions of the Migration Directorate are challenged before the administrative court.
Documents
Required documents
Identity
- Passport copy and two colour photos 3.5 x 4.5 cm; for the visa, the general D visa documents.
Money
- Document showing financial resources sufficient for the plan.
Work
- Application on Annex 4 with a description of the activity and a detailed plan for the permit period.
- Proof of at least two years of professional experience in the activity.
Study
- Certificate of Bulgarian language at level B1 or higher.
Supporting documents (where they apply)
Work
- For regulated professions, proof that the conditions for exercising the profession in Bulgaria are met.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need to speak Bulgarian for a freelance permit?
Yes. The application must include a certificate of Bulgarian at least at level B1 of the Common European Framework of Reference.
How much does the permit cost?
BGN 400 for issue or extension, which the Employment Agency shows as EUR 204.52; BGN 200 for a replacement after loss or damage.
Can I work for one Bulgarian company only?
If the documents show that you will in fact work under an employment relationship, the agency refuses the permit. Extensions require at least two service contracts.
When should I request an extension?
At least 30 days before the freelance permit expires, with a report on the previous plan.
Official sources
- Employment Agency – Permits for freelance activity by foreigners (Art. 44 Labour Migration Act)
- Foreigners in the Republic of Bulgaria Act (Закон за чужденците в Република България), consolidated text as amended by State Gazette 52/2025, published by the Employment Agency
- Labour Migration and Labour Mobility Act (Закон за трудовата миграция и трудовата мобилност), consolidated text as amended by State Gazette 52/2025, published by the Employment Agency
- European Commission, EU Immigration Portal – Self-employed worker in Bulgaria
- Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Fees (visa charges: EUR 90 short-stay, EUR 100 and EUR 200 long-stay)
Summarised from the official sources above. Rules, fees and processing times change: confirm with the embassy or the official portal before you apply.
Other visa types for Bulgaria
Visits and short stays
- Tourist visa Maximum stay: Up to 90 days in any 180-day period.
Business and self-employment
- Business visa Maximum stay: Up to 90 days in any 180-day period.
Study and training
- Student visa Maximum stay: Residence permit for up to one year, renewable; 18 months for the final year of studies.
- Researcher visa Maximum stay: Permit for the length of the hosting agreement, up to one year at a time, renewable.
Work
- Work visa Maximum stay: Three years, or the duration of the employment contract if shorter.
- EU Blue Card Maximum stay: Up to 5 years, at least 24 months; for contracts shorter than 24 months, the contract length plus three months.
- Seasonal work visa Maximum stay: Up to 90 days (registration) or 90 days to 9 months within any 12 months (permit).
- Intra-company transfer visa Maximum stay: 3 years for managers and specialists, 1 year for trainees.
- Digital nomad visa Maximum stay: One year, extendable once by one more year.
Family
- Family reunification visa Maximum stay: Family members’ permits run with the sponsor’s permit, generally up to one year at a time.
- Spouse and partner visa Maximum stay: Long-stay residence of up to one year at a time, renewable.
Residence
- Golden visa and residence by investment Maximum stay: Long-stay residence: up to one year at a time, renewable while the investment is maintained. Permanent residence: indefinite.
- Retirement visa Maximum stay: Up to one year at a time, renewable.
- Permanent residence Maximum stay: Indefinite. The EU long-term residence card is valid for 5 years and renewed on application.
Protection
- Asylum and international protection Maximum stay: You may stay in Bulgaria until a final decision is made.